Bergen (Norway)

Bergen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈbærɡən]) is the instant largest metropolis inwards Kingdom of Norway alongside a population of 264,100 equally of Jan 3, 2013. Bergen is the administrative centre of Hordaland county. Greater Bergen or Bergen Metropolitan Area equally defined past times Statistics Norway, has a population of 388,600 equally of Jan 3, 2013.

Bergen is located inwards the county of Hordaland on the south-western coast of Norway. It is an of import cultural hub inwards its region, recognized equally the unofficial upper-case missive of the alphabet of Western Kingdom of Norway in addition to sometimes also referred to equally the Atlantic coast upper-case missive of the alphabet of Norway.

A historic photochrom of Bergen close the cease of the 19th century. Visible are Domkirken inwards the bottom left side in addition to Korskirken inwards the foreground, Bryggen alongside its many boats in addition to the Bergenhus Fortress inwards the background.

Bergen's inter-municipal harbour, Port of Bergen, is past times far Norway's largest in addition to 1 of Europe's largest ports.

The metropolis was 1 of nine European cities honoured alongside the championship of European Capital of Culture inwards the Millennium year.

The metropolis of Bergen is surrounded past times mountains. Fløibanen, a funicular inwards Bergen which runs upwards the mount of Fløyen. It is 1 of Bergen's major tourist attractions in addition to 1 of Norway's most visited attractions. Over 1 meg passengers a yr direct maintain used it over the past times few years. Fløibanen was officially opened on fifteen Jan 1918.

Climate

Bergen features a temperate oceanic climate alongside relatively mild winters in addition to cool summers. Despite beingness thus far north, Bergen's atmospheric condition is relatively mild. In the winter, Bergen is 1 of the warmest cities inwards Norway, caused past times the Gulf Stream. The metropolis is located farther northward than Saint Petersburg, yet winters are much warmer inwards Bergen than St. Petersburg.

Bergen experiences plentiful rainfall, alongside annual atmospheric precipitation standard 2,250 mm (89 in) on average. This is because the metropolis is surrounded past times mountains that crusade moist North Atlantic air to undergo orographic lift, which yields abundant rainfall. Rain savage every twenty-four hr menstruum betwixt 29 Oct 2006 in addition to 21 Jan 2007, 85 consecutive days. In Bergen, atmospheric precipitation is plentiful in addition to heavy pelting tin move on at whatsoever fourth dimension of the year. The highest temperature always recorded was 31.8 °C, a tape that dates dorsum to 1947. The lowest always recorded is −16.3 °C, inwards 1987.

The high atmospheric precipitation is frequently used inwards the marketing of the city, in addition to figures to a grade on postcards sold inwards the city. For some fourth dimension at that topographic point were umbrella vending machines inwards the city, but these did non plow out to endure a success.

In the winter 2009-2010, at that topographic point was snowfall encompass inwards Bergen 91 consecutive days

Cityscape

The metropolis centre of Bergen is located due west inwards the municipality, facing the fjord of Byfjorden. It is situated amid a grouping of mountains known equally the Seven Mountains, although the release is a affair of definition. From here, the urban surface area of Bergen extends to the north, due west in addition to south, in addition to to its due east is a large mount massif. Outside of the metropolis centre in addition to the surrounding neighbourhoods (i.e. Årstad, inner Laksevåg in addition to Sandviken), the bulk of the population lives inwards relatively sparsely populated residential areas that direct maintain been built since the 1950s. While some are dominated past times storey buildings in addition to modern terraced houses (e.g. Fyllingsdalen), others are dominated past times single-family homes.

Saint Paul Church, a Catholic Church inwards Bergen. The church building is packed every Sunday, specially past times Polish masses. Because of insufficient capacity, structure of 1-2 novel Catholic churches is currently planned

The oldest business office of Bergen is the surface area to a greater extent than or less the bay of Vågen inwards the metropolis centre. Originally centred on the eastern side of the bay, Bergen eventually expanded due west in addition to southwards. Few buildings from the oldest menstruum remain, the most pregnant beingness St Mary's Church from the twelfth century. For several hundred years, the extent of the metropolis remained close constant. The population was stagnant, in addition to the metropolis limits were narrow. In 1702, 7/8 of the metropolis burned. Most of the old buildings of Bergen, including Bryggen (which was rebuilt inwards a medieval style), were built afterwards the fire. The give the axe marked a transition from tar covered houses, equally good equally the remaining log houses, to painted in addition to some brick-covered wooden buildings.

St John's Church

The final one-half of the 19th century was a menstruum of rapid expansion in addition to modernisation of the city. The give the axe of 1855 due west of Torgallmenningen led to the evolution of regularly sized metropolis blocks inwards this surface area of the metropolis centre. The metropolis limits were expanded inwards 1876, in addition to Nygård, Møhlenpris in addition to Sandviken were urbanised alongside large-scale structure of metropolis blocks housing both the misfortunate in addition to the wealthy. Their architecture is influenced past times a diverseness of styles; historicism, classicism in addition to Art Nouveau. The wealthy built villas betwixt Møhlenpris in addition to Nygård, in addition to on the side of Fløyen, had also been added to Bergen inwards 1876. Simultaneously, an urbanisation procedure was taking identify inwards Solheimsviken inwards Årstad, at the fourth dimension exterior of Bergen municipality, centred to a greater extent than or less the large industrial activity inwards the area. The workers' homes inwards this surface area were poorly built, in addition to fiddling remains afterwards large-scale redevelopment inwards the 1960s-1980s.

Bergen Cathedral

After Årstad became a business office of Bergen inwards 1916, a evolution excogitation was applied to the novel area. Few metropolis blocks akin to those inwards Nygård in addition to Møhlenpris were planned. Many of the worker grade built their ain homes, in addition to many small, detached storey buildings were built. After World War II, Bergen had 1 time to a greater extent than run curt on province to build on, and, contrary to the master plans, many large storey buildings were built inwards Landås inwards the 1950s in addition to 1960s. Bergen acquired Fyllingsdalen from Fana municipality inwards 1955. Like like areas inwards Oslo (e.g. Lambertseter), Fyllingsdalen was developed into a modern suburb alongside large storey buildings, mid-rises, in addition to some single-family homes, inwards the 1960s in addition to 1970s. Similar developments took identify exterior of Bergen's metropolis limits, for instance inwards Loddefjord.

St Mary's Church

At the same fourth dimension equally planned metropolis expansion took identify within Bergen, its extra-municipal suburbs also grew rapidly. Wealthy citizens of Bergen had been living inwards Fana since the 19th century, but equally the metropolis expanded it became to a greater extent than convenient to settle inwards the municipality. Similar processes took identify inwards Åsane in addition to Laksevåg. Most of the homes inwards these areas are detached row houses, unmarried household unit of measurement homes or small-scale storey buildings. Since the surrounding municipalities were merged alongside Bergen inwards 1972, expansion has continued inwards largely the same manner, although the municipality encourages condensing close commercial centres, hereafter Bergen Light Rail stations, in addition to elsewhere.

Bergen deaf Church

As business office of the modernisation moving ridge of the 1950s in addition to 1960s, in addition to due to damages caused past times World War II, the metropolis authorities ambitiously developed redevelopment plans for many areas inwards fundamental Bergen. The plans involved demolition of several neighbourhoods of wooden houses, namely Nordnes, Marken, in addition to Stølen. None of the plans were carried out inwards their master form, the Marken in addition to Stølen redevelopment plans discarded exclusively in addition to that of Nordnes but carried out inwards the surface area that had been most damaged past times war. The metropolis council of Bergen had inwards 1964 voted to demolish the enterity of Marken, however, the determination proved to endure strongly controversial in addition to the determination was reversed inwards 1974. Bryggen was nether threat of beingness wholly or partly demolished afterwards the give the axe of 1955, when a large release of the buildings burned to the ground. Instead of beingness demolished, the remaining buildings were eventually restored in addition to accompanied past times reconstructions of some of the burned buildings.[ Demolition of old buildings in addition to occasionally whole metropolis blocks is soundless taking place, the most recent major instance beingness the razing of Jonsvollskvartalet at Nøstet.

Nonneseter Abbey

Transportation

Bergen has an international airport, Bergen Airport, Flesland, alongside instantly flights to several European cities. The Bergensbanen railway trouble runs due east to Voss, Geilo, Hønefoss in addition to Oslo.

The E39 route passes through the city, connecting to Trondheim in addition to Stavanger. The E16 route to Oslo passes through the Lærdalstunnelen, the longest route tunnel inwards the world. Bergen was the outset metropolis inwards Northern Europe to innovate a telephone of cost roads exclusively surrounding the city, making entering the metropolis centre past times automobile impossible without paying the toll. The cost route system, established to fund novel roads in addition to motorways, opened 2 Jan 1986.

New Church

The cost was collected past times both cost plazas in addition to an electronic cost collection system. In the early on 2000s, the electronic cost collection organisation AutoPASS was introduced, replacing both the remaining cost plazas in addition to the existing but dated electronic cost collection system.

Public shipping is provided past times the shipping companionship Tide, the upshot of a merger betwixt Gaia in addition to HSD. Among the fleet of buses are 8 trolleybuses (two of which are dual-mode buses). Local develop carry to Arna is provided past times Norges Statsbaner. There is a funicular (Fløibanen) in addition to an aerial tramway (Ulriksbanen). The city's tram organisation was shut inwards 1965, although a museum trouble soundless operates on Møhlenpris. The outset phase of a modern lite runway organisation was opened 22 June 2010, in addition to connects the metropolis centre alongside Nesttun. Express buses larn to all larger destinations inwards Norway.

Bergen Baptist Church

The Norwegian coastal steamer service Hurtigruten originates inwards Bergen, running northward to Trondheim, Bodø, Tromsø in addition to Kirkenes. Passenger catamarans run from Bergen southward to Haugesund in addition to Stavanger, in addition to northward to Sognefjorden in addition to Nordfjord. Car ferries connect to Hanstholm in addition to Hirtshals inwards Denmark. The ferries to Lerwick, Scrabster, Tórshavn on the Faroe Islands, in addition to Seyðisfjörðurin Republic of Iceland are non operative anymore. The service from Newcastle inwards the United Kingdom, 1 time provided past times such ships equally the Leda, was cancelled afterwards 1 September 2008.